diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform.rs
index c13b26cd1..6947e2493 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform.rs
@@ -490,9 +490,21 @@ fn convert_message_to_openai(
     Ok(result)
 }
 
-/// 清理 JSON schema（移除不支持的 format）
-pub fn clean_schema(mut schema: Value) -> Value {
+/// 清理工具参数的 JSON schema，并为根 schema 补齐 OpenAI 要求的 object 类型。
+pub fn clean_schema(schema: Value) -> Value {
+    clean_schema_inner(schema, true)
+}
+
+fn clean_schema_inner(mut schema: Value, is_root: bool) -> Value {
     if let Some(obj) = schema.as_object_mut() {
+        let missing_type = is_root && !obj.contains_key("type");
+        if missing_type {
+            obj.insert("type".to_string(), json!("object"));
+        }
+        if missing_type && !obj.contains_key("properties") {
+            obj.insert("properties".to_string(), json!({}));
+        }
+
         // 移除 "format": "uri"
         if obj.get("format").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("uri") {
             obj.remove("format");
@@ -501,12 +513,12 @@ pub fn clean_schema(mut schema: Value) -> Value {
         // 递归清理嵌套 schema
         if let Some(properties) = obj.get_mut("properties").and_then(|v| v.as_object_mut()) {
             for (_, value) in properties.iter_mut() {
-                *value = clean_schema(value.clone());
+                *value = clean_schema_inner(value.clone(), false);
             }
         }
 
         if let Some(items) = obj.get_mut("items") {
-            *items = clean_schema(items.clone());
+            *items = clean_schema_inner(items.clone(), false);
         }
     }
     schema
@@ -831,6 +843,75 @@ mod tests {
         let result = anthropic_to_openai(input).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(result["tools"][0]["type"], "function");
         assert_eq!(result["tools"][0]["function"]["name"], "get_weather");
+        assert_eq!(
+            result["tools"][0]["function"]["parameters"]["type"],
+            json!("object")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            result["tools"][0]["function"]["parameters"]["properties"]["location"]["type"],
+            json!("string")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anthropic_to_openai_defaults_missing_tool_schema_type() {
+        let input = json!({
+            "model": "claude-3-opus",
+            "max_tokens": 1024,
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "What's the weather?"}],
+            "tools": [{
+                "name": "get_weather",
+                "description": "Get weather info",
+                "input_schema": {"properties": {"location": {"type": "string"}}}
+            }]
+        });
+
+        let result = anthropic_to_openai(input).unwrap();
+        let parameters = &result["tools"][0]["function"]["parameters"];
+        assert_eq!(parameters["type"], json!("object"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            parameters["properties"]["location"]["type"],
+            json!("string")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anthropic_to_openai_defaults_empty_tool_schema() {
+        let input = json!({
+            "model": "claude-3-opus",
+            "max_tokens": 1024,
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Do work"}],
+            "tools": [{"name": "do_work", "input_schema": {}}]
+        });
+
+        let result = anthropic_to_openai(input).unwrap();
+        let parameters = &result["tools"][0]["function"]["parameters"];
+        assert_eq!(parameters, &json!({"type": "object", "properties": {}}));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_clean_schema_only_defaults_root_to_object() {
+        let schema = json!({
+            "properties": {
+                "nullable_value": {
+                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}]
+                },
+                "list": {
+                    "items": {"type": "string"}
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        let result = clean_schema(schema);
+        assert_eq!(result["type"], json!("object"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            result["properties"]["nullable_value"],
+            json!({"anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}]})
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            result["properties"]["list"],
+            json!({"items": {"type": "string"}})
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform_responses.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform_responses.rs
index d7379cd6e..e11d3a317 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform_responses.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/transform_responses.rs
@@ -770,10 +770,51 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(result["tools"][0]["type"], "function");
         assert_eq!(result["tools"][0]["name"], "get_weather");
         assert!(result["tools"][0].get("parameters").is_some());
+        assert_eq!(result["tools"][0]["parameters"]["type"], json!("object"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            result["tools"][0]["parameters"]["properties"]["location"]["type"],
+            json!("string")
+        );
         // input_schema should not appear
         assert!(result["tools"][0].get("input_schema").is_none());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anthropic_to_responses_defaults_missing_tool_schema_type() {
+        let input = json!({
+            "model": "gpt-4o",
+            "max_tokens": 1024,
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Weather?"}],
+            "tools": [{
+                "name": "get_weather",
+                "description": "Get weather info",
+                "input_schema": {"properties": {"location": {"type": "string"}}}
+            }]
+        });
+
+        let result = anthropic_to_responses(input, None, false, false).unwrap();
+        let parameters = &result["tools"][0]["parameters"];
+        assert_eq!(parameters["type"], json!("object"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            parameters["properties"]["location"]["type"],
+            json!("string")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_anthropic_to_responses_defaults_empty_tool_schema() {
+        let input = json!({
+            "model": "gpt-4o",
+            "max_tokens": 1024,
+            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Do work"}],
+            "tools": [{"name": "do_work", "input_schema": {}}]
+        });
+
+        let result = anthropic_to_responses(input, None, false, false).unwrap();
+        let parameters = &result["tools"][0]["parameters"];
+        assert_eq!(parameters, &json!({"type": "object", "properties": {}}));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_anthropic_to_responses_tool_choice_any_to_required() {
         let input = json!({
diff --git a/src/components/providers/forms/hooks/useApiKeyState.ts b/src/components/providers/forms/hooks/useApiKeyState.ts
index 8b4c87626..1ccdb3800 100644
--- a/src/components/providers/forms/hooks/useApiKeyState.ts
+++ b/src/components/providers/forms/hooks/useApiKeyState.ts
@@ -60,15 +60,12 @@ export function useApiKeyState({
         initialConfig || "{}",
         key.trim(),
         {
-          // 最佳实践：仅在"新增模式"且"非官方类别"时补齐缺失字段
-          // - 新增模式：selectedPresetId !== null
-          // - 非官方类别：category !== undefined && category !== "official"
+          // 最佳实践：仅在"非官方/非云厂商类别"时补齐缺失字段
           // - 官方类别：不创建字段（UI 也会禁用输入框）
-          // - 未传入 category：不创建字段（避免意外行为）
+          // - 云厂商类别：通常使用专用鉴权字段，不自动创建 Anthropic key
+          // - 未传入 category：按历史导入/自定义 provider 处理，允许补齐
           createIfMissing:
-            selectedPresetId !== null &&
-            category !== undefined &&
-            category !== "official",
+            category !== "official" && category !== "cloud_provider",
           appType,
           apiKeyField,
         },
@@ -90,10 +87,13 @@ export function useApiKeyState({
     (config: string, isEditMode: boolean) => {
       return (
         selectedPresetId !== null ||
+        (isEditMode &&
+          category !== "official" &&
+          category !== "cloud_provider") ||
         (isEditMode && hasApiKeyField(config, appType))
       );
     },
-    [selectedPresetId, appType],
+    [selectedPresetId, category, appType],
   );
 
   return {
diff --git a/tests/hooks/useApiKeyState.test.tsx b/tests/hooks/useApiKeyState.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..791e1f199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/hooks/useApiKeyState.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import { act, renderHook } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { useApiKeyState } from "@/components/providers/forms/hooks/useApiKeyState";
+
+describe("useApiKeyState", () => {
+  it("shows and creates Claude API key for uncategorized edit providers", () => {
+    const onConfigChange = vi.fn();
+    const initialConfig = JSON.stringify({ env: {} }, null, 2);
+
+    const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+      useApiKeyState({
+        initialConfig,
+        onConfigChange,
+        selectedPresetId: null,
+        category: undefined,
+        appType: "claude",
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expect(result.current.showApiKey(initialConfig, true)).toBe(true);
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.handleApiKeyChange("sk-test");
+    });
+
+    const updated = JSON.parse(onConfigChange.mock.calls.at(-1)?.[0]);
+    expect(updated.env.ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN).toBe("sk-test");
+  });
+
+  it("keeps official and cloud provider edit behavior conservative", () => {
+    const initialConfig = JSON.stringify({ env: {} }, null, 2);
+    const officialConfigChange = vi.fn();
+
+    const official = renderHook(() =>
+      useApiKeyState({
+        initialConfig,
+        onConfigChange: officialConfigChange,
+        selectedPresetId: null,
+        category: "official",
+        appType: "claude",
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(official.result.current.showApiKey(initialConfig, true)).toBe(false);
+    act(() => {
+      official.result.current.handleApiKeyChange("sk-official");
+    });
+    expect(officialConfigChange).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(initialConfig);
+
+    const cloudProviderConfigChange = vi.fn();
+    const cloudProvider = renderHook(() =>
+      useApiKeyState({
+        initialConfig,
+        onConfigChange: cloudProviderConfigChange,
+        selectedPresetId: null,
+        category: "cloud_provider",
+        appType: "claude",
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(cloudProvider.result.current.showApiKey(initialConfig, true)).toBe(
+      false,
+    );
+    act(() => {
+      cloudProvider.result.current.handleApiKeyChange("sk-cloud");
+    });
+    expect(cloudProviderConfigChange).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(initialConfig);
+  });
+});